Yes it's a new inconsistency due to the fact that UI behavior changed
regarding what parent/children means by default and REST should
probably follow.
Would be great if you could create an issue about that on 
http://jira.xwiki.org.
On Mon, Oct 24, 2016 at 10:09 PM, dmd3eorg <dmd(a)3e.org> wrote:
  So, it looks like I need to *explicitly* set
 <parent>mywiki.foo.bar.WebHome</parent>
 <parentId>xwiki:mywiki.foo.bar.WebHome</parentId>
 in the XML I *PUT*.
 However, this appears to still be a bug or at least an inconsistency,
 because the web version of ?viewer=children shows the page even if this was
 not done, whereas REST's children method for the same page does NOT show it.
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Thomas Mortagne